Defendant That's Comics
Talk about comics supposedly always considered trivial. So trivial, comic artist Scott McCloud cum komikolog moved to write the book Understanding Comic: The Invisible Art by trying to explore other aspects in an effort to straighten misunderstandings. Yeah, so "trivial" her comic so that "service" her as our doors to read textbooks forgotten.
In fact, almost every kid's childhood is almost always preceded by comic. A recurring comic presumption is very simple children's story, poor art, let alone language. He then "accused" as "poison". Cuss "bastard, hell, motherfucker!" is often asked Indonesia warrior comics like The Ghost Blind of Goa, Panji Skulls, Hammer and Gundala in the stories and then "dump" position like comic distress that he must be removed from the school library.
Well, talk about comics is trivial. Some notes below though not new and had been quoted in various media as a misunderstanding let us note that it was not actually making comics "trivial".
Circulation comic masterpiece Sinchan Yoshito Usui's Crayon in Indonesia is actually in his native Japan was reading adult. Because there are cartoon movie (and the main character a boy) and then imported it for granted and published it as a child reading. Once the opinion appears skewed to the community, a new comic publishers Sinchan labeled "for 15 years and over".
IBHS new series published by the license holder. How Sinchan comics that had circulated illegally? Although in fact not a local product, Sinchan cases occur due to ignorance we categorize the term comic (comics, strip) and picture books (picture books) are always confused. Murti Bunanta Sex in Choosing Books for Children (hlm.40, Books, Storytelling and Reading Interest Library Ladder, 2004) said, it is unfortunate that in Indonesia people think comics are products for children. Yet it is clear there are many comics every page images are arranged vertically and horizontally while in picture books there is only one picture with text that varies in length.
But the uproar in the media Sinchan not merely be "prohibited items". Dwi senior comic Koendoro Br. in an interview in the Kompas daily said the incident was a sin against the community so that the media industry is to blame the actual people who do not understand the essence of the comic itself.
The cartoon derivative products called comic culture is also almost similar. The Simpsons that aired once a private TV station also did more or less the same mistake. Matt Groening's film are very popular in America premiered afternoon when the kids have arrived home. Though conceived farce The Simpsons actually not to be consumed by children. Matt Groening said in an interview admitted character Bart Simpson accidentally created so naughty because he did not intend to create a new kind of character Mickey Mouse. Because the main characters are (also) a child, that Bart Simpson and his various merchandise is very attractive (Bart Simpson dolls souvenir even once used a private bank in the 1990s) film was then considered for children. The Simpsons was a misunderstanding difference seheboh Sinchan as other merchandise such as comic series was imported into Indonesia. In addition to the popularity of American comics alone in Indonesia rada subsided, especially after no longer active and the publisher Cypress Misurind superhero known as the importer until Aya Media Library (publisher serial Smurf) so that only the film just imported into Indonesia.
Other Japanese comics Doraemon also suffered a similar fate. By the education community through one character Doraemon Nobita is considered poisoned children to be individual whiny and spoiled. Yet by its creator, Fujiko Fujio, Doraemon every creature so evil because abused. Doraemon not actually contain a moral message, which is otherwise if the child is not no damn whiny and spoiled like Nobita?
Comics Tread Way being circulated long before the popularity of Doraemon has also been accused of being "teaches violence" because in every picture-laden fights and blood. Not if the comic is labeled "adult" audiences need not worry as well as movie theaters are labeled "for 17 years and over"?
Perhaps in the world of education have often heard that comics donated more negative effects. Politics is also not miss donate "mistake" in reading comics. If politics in Reading Comics by Hikmat Darmawan (Tempo, December 28, 2003) Indonesian comic series Gebora (Geng Ball Fun) protests in Madura. No less a member of Commission E parliament Sampang, Kiai Abdullah of CLA condemned the ambassador comics Society, 3 November 2003. Dr. MA Latif Wiyata anthropologist origin Sumenep also protested in the daily Radar Madura, 3 November 2003. Comics published a series of political education Indonesia Common Ground, an international NGO working in the field of conflict management is accused of cornering the Madurese because one of the characters, Mat Ra'i Madura child suffered much misfortune (late to school, blamed his friend, dijahili) although in next series Mat Ra'i a hero after helping a child who fell into the river.
The protest was actually too excessive because kids comics are read from the wrong perspective. This proves that it still shows how much we still undervalue the comic that actually by researchers from France, Marcel Bonneff considered to be the nation's morality. From the realm of literature, Sherman Alexie one of the best young short story writer of The New Yorker magazine claimed to have "indebted" to the comic. In an essay about the creative process, Superman and Me (The Most Wonderful Books, Milkweed Editions, 1999) at a time when a boy and not yet reading fluently, he guessed the plot, while flipping through a comic figure of Superman.
Maybe if Alexie never read Superman he would not be writers. If you do not think comics Bonneff Indonesia as a "picture of the nation's morality" may be history books never written comics Indonesia. Until now, books Comics Bonneff Marcel Indonesia (KPG, 1998) is considered as the most appropriate reference on the history of comics Indonesia although research is "only" up to the year 1972. New in 2002 published study of local comics writers native to Indonesia, namely Measuring Flag Koming (Compass Book Publishers, 2002) by Muhammad Nasri Setiawan.
The problem is, the notion of a cultural product called comics almost like that's what most people understand that we are still in the same source, Scott McCloud then exclaimed aloud, "It's supposed to be a comic book like that!"
Historical Misunderstanding That
Well, in Indonesia it is developed enough so that the position of comic misunderstandings, both local and imported tend marginalized. The development of his own comic in the West also preceded misunderstanding.
Marcel Bonneff in the introduction to the book Comic Indonesia wrote, in the West in 1957 was born of thought called F.Lacassin as "the Ninth Art" so that people begin to realize the meaning, role, and impact of comics thanks to support the brave pioneers.
In France in 1958, sociologist E. Morin emerged as the first defense of comics as a product of culture and art in the magazine Le Nef. Then in 1962 thanks to the stimulus and filmmaker Alain Resnais F.Lacassin in 1962 formed a club comic in 1964 developed into a Centre d'Etudes des Litteratures d 'Expression Graphique (CELEG) or the Center for the Study of Literature Graphics. Various published comics back so comic also has a historian, expert to expert commentators aesthetics though there are many moralists and educators regard it as "poison".
According to observers in the comic Imansyah Lubis Reuters, 17 September 2004 in the United antikomik movement emerged around 1950 in the form of boycotts and mass burning of comic books considered to be "toxic" education. To muffle the protests formed an agency called CCA (Comics Code Authority) whose function is sort of comic censorship. Every comic sold in public places must use CCA approval marks a fairly tight. Because according to the Italian mass communications expert, Umberto Eco, "Comics into a vast field of study and hard to explore, but open to 'semiotics picture message'" expert in the study of communication has never been the most stringent limits on media other than CCA.
In reaction to the rebellion of the CCA was in the late 1960s to the early 1970s, the underground comics movement that emerged strongly in maintaining the freedom of thought and storytelling. Underground comics of the time inspired also by the antiwar movement Vietnam flower generation. MAD Magazine is a magazine created by Harvey Kurtzman underground comic is a parody which is based on the social, political, arts, and culture in America. The effort, according to observers comic Hikmat Darmawan add maturity standpoint in reading comics in America which was originally only consumed by children and adolescents.
Life and development of comics either in Indonesia or in the West actually is determined by the condition of life of its people. As I've stated in the book Arthur Asa Berger Signs in Contemporary Culture: An Introduction to Semiotics (translator M. Dwi Marianto, Tiara Discourse, Yogya, 2001), he said the comic actually has a lot of things that we can read, but only if we care . *
Kompas, 17 April 2004
Palestinian Ways Reading the Conflict
Title: Palestine, Grief Displaced People I & II (translation)
Author: Joe Sacco
Translators: Ary Nilandari
Publisher: Fantagraphics Books, 2003/DAR Mizan, 2004
Length: 150 pages
In Indonesia, the name Joe Sacco may have been foreign. In fact, comics graduate of the University of Oregon is in Central America as the only pitch adherents of comics journalism through his many published in Details magazine, Time, and Harper's. Fortunately the work of Will Eisner Award winning for Best Original Graphic Novel in 2001 now can be enjoyed by readers of Indonesia through Palestine, Grief Displaced People are published DAR Mizan.
Two Palestinian comic series tells the story of Joe Sacco trip when they travel to Palestine. Since that visit, Sacco made the trip, accompanied by a photographer from Japan, Saburo, drawing area like a photographer to record the lives of the Palestinian people to the socio-political turmoil.
This comic opens with a trip Sacco enters a crowded and noisy Cairo. Caoro was first sojourn before the Palestinians. On arrival at the hotel, he met Shreef, a Muslim, and Taha who openly hates Israel. Three weeks later when Sacco was in Nablus, his mind drifted as he went to Berlin, where his heart was aroused when Kinghoffer, an American Jew, was shot dead by the Palestine Liberation Front.
Sacco disturbed minds among the American media so jealous mengulik sensational story Klinghoffer was killed, while the U.S. does not seem concerned with the problem of the Palestinians as citizens killed in terrorist attacks. It thus concentrate Sacco to go to Palestine to see for himself what was going on there.
Then scrolling adventure story in Sacco on Palestine. There he saw the people of Israel that reflects the arbitrary authority figure until Palestinian peace activists who support the rights of the Palestinian people seemed so hesitant that they be subject to disappointment. Sacco called it a slightly cynical tone, which called it a "sweet talker" and "screaming as if life depended on the severity screams" (p. 20).
Through his description of the genial, Sacco is presenting a new breath into two different camps, namely the comic as a foothold pengawinan visual journalism and reports as the basis for the story. Although presented in comic book form, it needs a little more energy to enjoy it. Sacco's work is a work that is not common.
Besides listening "plesirannya", we are also faced with academic and historical studies. For example, on page 12, Sacco tells the story of the origins of the history of Jewish-British, in which Lord Balfour signed a declaration and the Zionist obtain Britain's commitment, namely Palestine to the Jews. Or on page 42 he told me about the existence of the Palestinian people who have been driven from modern Zionism Theodor Herzl formulate the late 1800's.
FORM narration unusual in the absence of Like a super hero comic character makes this book different. There was no attempt mengarikaturkan common things with the intention of little or just obscure logic, such as the Asterix comics are rich with cultural insights about Greece, Tintin series looks at some of Herge representation in view of socio-political situation in China, Egypt, and other countries, too Flag Koming Dwi Koendoro with the actual topic mengulik Indonesia satirical style in her Javanese cultural symbol.
Yes, indeed Sacco was there merely as spectators. He was not a political analyst who is testing the science, or the artists who are looking for ideas then represent experience with interpretation. Subjectivity definitely there. However, when you are in conflict, not seen any attempt to exaggerate Sacco Palestinians as the underdog or create a hero as savior. The main character in this comic is none other than himself was Sacco was there as a reporter.
However, beyond all the aspects that makes this comic so very solid containing up to academic study (experts and observers of American comic called "graphic novels"), he did not forget to insert humor to the readers and do not wrinkle the forehead or simply fascinated by the pictures which Goenawan introduction contains "fire" a recondite.
On page 96, he shared his experience of Palestinian jokes. The joke is told three secret agents, the CIA, the KGB, and another Shin Bet, the Israeli agent. Each race's fastest who caught a rabbit which was released into the forest. CIA agents go ahead and returned with the rabbit in 10 minutes. KGB agent returned with the rabbit in just 5 minutes. So turn Shin Bet agents, CIA and KGB agents to wait up to 40 minutes. They then entered the woods and looking for an agent of Israel. Once in the forest, which they see is a Shin Bet agent was forced to admit to being an ass bunny!
Genesis also tucked funny, such as when Sacco was photographed shooting and bomb victims in Nablus. In hospital wards, Sacco photographed their suffering with a heart of pity. In the midst of nostalgia Sacco, there was a little boy accidentally pose showing legs encased in plaster from the leg to the thigh while whining to him to shoot again! (P. 33)
Although the picture is not colored, stripes and arsirannya so expressive. This is where other powers of Sacco as comic footing-footing with the exotic visual (even depressing) carry us like watching a movie scene. Look at page 56 in the second book, when describing the testimony Firas Sacco, teenagers who work for the Liberation of Palestine Popular Front when captured Israeli soldiers. Firas lying in the hospital with 12 patient cases intifada Israeli soldiers were tortured. The scene was described as a gradual torture from various perspectives, such as the camera viewpoint.
Sacco able to pave between comic art and journalistic reports that in his comics became a medium no less glorious with photos, reportage was written with literary approach ala Tom Wolfe, author of the book The New Journalism (1973). At that time, American newspapers use this element when the speed of television sparked them to perform better in the report, not just reportage.
In the history of comics, Tintin is already started footing "comics journalism" is packaged in a comical and even caricature. As for the media Sacco comic intuition tells Like the accomplished photographer who produces images with the same magnificence of World Press Photo winners photo though (purportedly, he worked on the Palestinians for the past 4 years). He has been raised as a comics class realist art that can be like a scientific study of the ideals of Scott Mc Cloud in his book, Understanding Comic (1993).
These advantages make nonkomik awarded, such as the American Book Award 1996 or compliment Dasser H Azuri, professor of Political Science, University of Massachuttes, as works that demonstrate the expertise, insight, and empathy. He also won praise from the Journal of Palestinian Studies as the best documentary work. Palestine seems to work as another way we in reading conflict from two perspectives at once, comics and journalism with honest and straightforward. *
Minggu, 04 November 2012
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar